Greek Language Tips


Those of you who have properly installed the Graeca font supplied with the LLS should be able to view this page with the actual greek if the page is viewed using Microsoft's Internet Explorer 2.0 (Sorry—Netscape doesn't work. One day I hope to have a Netscape-compatable edition too, but don't know when it will happen). If the Graeca font is not installed, you'll simply see the respective keystrokes (e.g., lovgo" instead of lovgo")

If you have the LLS, and your Graeca font is not properly installed, visit the Support Solutions page for suggestions on how to fix it.


Greek Language Tips

Greek Tips on other Tips pages

Greek Language Tips


How to parse verbs and decline nouns

Parsing verbs and declining nouns in the LLS is quite easy. The only requirement is that you are in a Morphologically tagged text. Logos presently has access to two morphologically tagged Greek texts:

The easiest way to parse verbs/decline nouns in Logos is to simply open the text to the desired location (e.g., Nestle/Aland text at John 1:1). Then, right-mouse click on the word you want to parse.

Example

John 1:1 reads, "jEn ajrch'/ h\n oJ lovgo"

If you wanted to know the morphology of lovgo", you simply need to right-mouse click on that word. You will be presented with a right-mouse click shortcut menu. The top option on that menu is Information.... If you select that option, the morphological information (Lemma, Morphology, and Gloss) will be presented to you.

A little-known fact—the information presented in the floating popup is fully searchable, so you could right-mouse click on an item, and search for that item. A practical example would be to right-mouse click on the lemma form, and invoke the speed search option to search through active book (in this case, the NA Greek text) for all of the places where that lemma form occurs. This, as I'm sure you can imagine, is a fairly useful search.

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Searching for morphology

There are a few things you should know before searching for morphological forms of verbs in Logos 2.0c and before. These problems have been addressed in revision 2.0c and higher of the Logos Library System.

On searching for a participle form:

  1. Ignore the first "Person" and "Number" checkboxes in the "Morphology" tab. Leave them set to "Any"
  2. Enter proper Tense, Voice, Mood, Ptc. Person, Ptc. Num, Ptc. Case. The checkboxes to the right of the list boxes mean "not" so, if you have a [!a] for your tense, it means "not aorist" or "anything but aorist."
  3. Press the "Add" button after you've adequately filled in the list boxes
  4. Delete the two question marks from the search dialog. For example, if you entered "v??aapmsn" (verb [person] [number] aorist active participle masculine singular nominative) you should instead have "vaapmsn."
  5. Invoke your search, or, if necessary add the "andequals [lemma form]" to search for a lemma along with the parsing.

On searching for non-participle forms:

The last three "particple-sensitive" options in the Morph tab will generate question marks in your morph expression. For example, if you want to search for a verb, 3rd person, plural, aorist, active, indicative; the search expression generated will be "v3paai???." This will not work. Instead, delete the extra question marks so the expression looks like "v3paai" and the search will work like a charm.

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Using the Filter Search

This is underused primarily, I think, because it's misunderstood. What a filter search does is it allows you to "filter" all of the Bible references out of a given article (for instance, the BAGD article ajgaqwn) and then it sets those verses as the search range for a Bible search. So, you could search through all the the verses given in a particular article for a particular form of a word. Example: "FILTER(BGD,[article number]) AND ajgaqw'n" [article number] is generated using the "Filter" tab in the search menu. This will find all of the places that "ajgaqw'n" occurs in the verses reference in the BGD article on "ajgaqov"" (or whatever article you choose).

Use the "fast phrase" search to search for phrases within these verses. It could prove interesting.

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Using Wildcard Searching in Greek Texts

When searching in greek using wildcards (like *), use the buttons under the search text window to enter them. Also, try turning off the "Use All Wildcards" option in the "Search Options" checklist. When you do that, Logos will report you with every possible match to that statement (e.g. agap* has matches of ajgapavw, ajgaphv, etc.(66 of them on my system)) prior to searching to allow you to select those matches that you really want to look for, and ditch the ones that would be a waste of your time. Also, make sure your Global Word List is up to date before trying this.

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Using the Word List with Greek

Try typing in a Greek search term with the "Word List" tab selected. As you type, you'll be able to see if the word actually exists in any of the books — as well, potential "sound alike" alternatives will be presented in the right window (eg. ajgapav and #Aijgupta sound a lot alike). This is a great way to type in something you're not really sure how to spell. Also, you'll know if what you're searching for actually exists before you search for it.

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